The Effect of the Application of Biochar from Oil Palm Empty Bunches on the Growth of Falcataria moluccana
Keywords:
amelioration, biochar, falcataria moluccana, oil palm, OPEFB
Abstract
Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) waste is abundant and has become a problem. It can be applied as a promising biochar and will solve problems due to the large role of biochar as a soil amendment agent. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of biochar to increase the grow of F. moluccana. Biochar is produced by slow pyrolysis at a temperature of 400 ℃ and 600 ℃. Biochar was applied to F. moluccana seedlings in plantations, with 3 doses (0 ton/ha, 25 ton/ha and 50 ton/ha) using a split plot research design with factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) as the basic design. Data analysis used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and carried out a further test of Least Significant Difference (LSD). Growth parameters height as increment, diameter increment and the growth rate were observed once a month for eight months. The results showed that the height increment and diameter increment of F. moluccana with the application of OPEFB biochar at dose of 50 tons / ha with pyrolysis temperature of 400 ℃ gave the best results for growth parameters compared to control plants. Based from the average growth rate per month application of 50 tons/ha with pyrolysis temperature of 400℃ shows the highest average, as well as the correlation between height and diameter increase is also the best.
References
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Baskorowati, L. 2014. Budidaya Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) Unggul untuk Pengembangan Hutan Rakyat. IPB Press
Elsaprike, J., Yahya, S. P. R. & Yuwana. 2018. Pembuatan arang dengan metode tungku piloris double burner menggunakan limbah kayu dengan metode manduk di kecamatan tebing tinggi kabupaten empat lawang. Jurnal Penelitian Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan. 7 (2).
Gani. 2009. Manfaat Biochar Terhadap Kehidupan. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.
Haryanto, H., Iryani, D. A., Hasanudin, U., Telaumbanua, M., Triyono, S., and Hidayat, W. 2021a. Biomass Fuel from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Pellet: Potential and Challenges. Procedia Environmental Science, Engineering and Management. 8 (1) : 33-42.
Haryanto, A., Hidayat, W., Hasanudin, U., Iryani, D. A., Kim, S., Lee, S., dan Yoo, J. 2021b. Valorization of Indonesian Wood Wastes through Pyrolysis: A Review. Energies. 14 (5) : 1407.
Helmi. 2014. Pengaruh Jenis Biochar dan Konsentrasi Pupuk Agrodyke Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King.). Jurnal Biologi Edukasi Edisi 13. 6 (2) : 71-77.
Hidayat, W., Qi, Y., Jang, J. H., Febrianto, F., Lee, S. H., Chae, H. M., Kondo, T., and Kim, N. H. 2017. Carbonization characteristics of juvenile woods from some tropical trees planted in Indonesia. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University. 62 (1): 145-152.
Hidayat, W., Riniarti, M., Prasetia, H., Niswati, N., Hasanudin, U., Banuwa, I. S., Yoo, J., Kim, S., Lee, S. 2021. Characteristics of biochar produced from the harvesting wastes of meranti (Shorea sp.) and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) empty fruit bunches. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 749: 012040.
Iryani, D. A., Haryanto, A., Hidayat, W., Amrul, Telaumbanua, M., Hasanudin, U., Lee, S. H. 2019. Torrefaction Upgrading of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunches Biomass Pellets for Gasification Feedstock by Using COMB (Counter Flow Multi-Baffle) Reactor. 7th TAE (Trend in Agricultural Engineering). 212-2017.Mateus R., Kantur, D. & Moy, L. M. 2017. Pemanfaatan Biochar Limbah Pertanian sebagai Pembenah Tanah untuk Perbaikan Kualitas Tanah dan Hasil Jagung di Lahan Kering. Agrotrop. 7 (2) : 99-108.
Prayogo, C., Lestari, N. D. & Wicaksono, K. S. 2012. Karakteristik Dn kualitas biochar dari pyrilysis biomassa tanaman bio-energi willow (Salix sp.). Buana Sains. 12 (2) 9-18.
Ramadhan, D., Riniarti, M. & Santoso, T. 2018. Pemanfaatan Cocopeat sebagai Media Tumbuh Sengon Laut (Paraserianthes falcataria) dan Merbau Darat (Intsia palembanica). Jurnal Sylva Lestari. 6 (2) : 22-31.
Ridjayanti, S. M., Hidayat, W., Bazenet, R.A., Banuwa, I. S., Riniarti, M. 2021. Pengaruh Variasi Kadar Perekat Tapioka terhadap Karakteristik Briket Arang Limbah Kayu Sengon (Falcataria moluccana). Perennial 17(1): 5-11.
Riniarti, M., Prasetia, H., Niswati, A., Hasanudin, U., Banuwa, I. S., Loka, A. A., Yoo, J., Kim, D., Lee, S., & Hidayat, W. 2021a. Effects of Meranti Biochar Addition on the Root Growth of Falcataria moluccana Seedlings. Advances in Engineering Research 202: 181-184.
Riniarti, M., Hidayat, W., Prasetia, H., Niswati, A., Hasanudin, U., Banuwa, I. S., Yoo, J., Kim, S., & Lee, S. 2021b. Using two dosages of biochar from shorea to improve the growth of Paraserianthes falcataria seedlings. in: IOP Conference Series: Earth dan Environmental Science IOP Publishing 012049.
Rostaliana, P., Prawito P., & Turmudi, 2012. Pemanfaatan Biochar Untuk Perbaikan Kualitas Tanah Dengan Indicator Tanaman Jagung Hibrida Dan Padi Gogo Pada Sistem Lahan Tebang Dan Bakar. Universitas Bengkulu. Bengkulu. 188 hal.
Saputra, I. & Juanda, B. R. 2016. Pengaruh biochar dan npk terhadap beberapa sifat fisika tanah dan pertumbuhan serta produksi kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.). Jurnal Agrotek Lestari. 2 (2).
Santi, L.P., & D.H. Goenadi. 2012. Pemanfaatan Biochar Asal Cangkang Kelapa Sawit sebagai Bahan Pembawa Mikroba Pemantap Agregat. Jurnal Buana Sains. 12 (1) :7-14.
Siregar, C. A., Heriansyah, I. & Mi-yakuni, K. 2003. Preliminary study on the effect of charcoal application on the early growth. Buletin Penelitian Hutan. 634.
Utama, R. C., Febryano, I. G., Herwanti, S., & Hidayat, W. 2019. Saluran pemasaran kayu gergajian sengon (falcataria moluccana) pada industri penggergajian kayu rakyat di desa sukamarga, kecamatan abung tinggi, kabupaten lampung utara. Jurnal Sylva Lestari. 7(2) : 195–203.
Tarigan, A. D & Nelvia. 2020. Pengaruh pemberian biochar tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis (zea mays sacharrata l.) di tanah ultisol. J. Agroekotek. 12 (1) : 23 – 37.
Tarigan, A. A. L. B., Riniarti, M., Prasetia, H., Hidayat, W., Niswati, A., Sukri Banuwa, I., & Hasanudin, U. 2021. Pengaruh biochar pada simbiosis rhizobium dan akar sengon laut (Paraserianthes falcataria) dalam media tanam. Jurnal of People, Forest and Environment 1: 11–20.
Published
2022-06-09
Section
Artikel
